Improvement in looms



N.FETERS, PHOTO-LITHOGRAPHER. WASHINGTDN. D C.

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N4 PETERS. PHOTO-LITNOGHAPHER. WASHINGTON. L C.

AVERY BABBETT, OF AUBURN, NEY YORK.

IMPROVEMENT IN LOOIVIS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 7,714, dated October 8, 1850.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, AVERY BABBETT, of Auburn, in the county of Cayuga and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Looms for IVeaving Carpets and other Fabrics; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, which are 'referred to in and form a part of such description.

I will in the rst place describe the material parts of the loom into which I have introduced my improvements, and with these improvements introduced as the same are found in the entire loom when in working order.

The accompanying drawings contained on four sheets, and numbered from Figures l to l2, both inclusive, and lettered to correspond where they show corresponding parts, represent, taken together, the entire loom, into which I have introduced my improvements and comprehend those improvements.

Fig. l represents the lower part of the loom-that is, the partnearest to the drivingpulley with the upper frame-work and all the upper part of the loomremoved. Fig. 2 represents the side elevation of the loom with the accompanying parts, and shows the location of the parts. It includes the loom 'in elevation up to the cross-rail ofthe frame shown at the bottom of Fig. Fig. 3 represents the top parts of the loom, including the patterncards, Jacquard machine, &c. Fig. 4 represents a part of the back board with a part of one of the journal-needles and parts of two of the journal hooks. Fig. 5 represents the lower end of the vertical slide that raises the draft-boards. Fig. G shows the upper end and fixtures of the same slide. Fig. 7 shows the relative position of the treadle and pickersticks. Fig. 8 shows the race-board of the lay in dotted lines with the thread-protector underneath in all its parts. Fig. 9 shows the take-up rolls with the parts of the frame in connection removed so as to show the mode of operation of the rolls. Figs.10 and ll are oleographic projections of the thread -protector, Fig. IO in a front View, and Fig. l1 in an end view. Fig. l2 is the triangular cam which regulates the working of the draftboards.

I work the entire series by means of motion communicated to it through and from a single rotating shaft, which revolves with a speed equal to one-half or less than one-half, but never greater than one-half, of the speed with which the shaft that moves the lay revolves, the shaft that works the shuttle-boxes varying in speed according to the kind of goods required to be made.

In Figs. l and 2. A is the driving-pulley. B B is the driving-shaft runningthrough the driving-pulley and through the loom from side to side. O is a pinion on the drivingshaft B B, working into the wheel D on the shaft E E.

In Fig. l, on the shaft E E is the pinion F, working into the wheel G on the shaft I-I, on which shaft are two cams, each marked I. Each of these cams worksa pulley J, attached to an arm K. Each of thesev arms is keyed fast to a shaft L L. To each of these shafts is also keyed fast an arm M, with five fingers or projections N N N N N on the end, one of which arms and fingers is also shown in Fig. 2. Between the fingers N N N N N work small pulleys secured to studs, one pulley between every two fingers and one pulley to each stud. Three of these studs on one side of the loom are shown in Fig. 1 marked O O O, and three of them on the other side of'the loom are shown in Fig. 2 marked O O O. These six studs are screwed fast to two slides, three studs to each slide. One of these slides on one side of the loom is shown in Fig. l marked P P, and the other on the other side of the loom is shown in Fig. 2 marked P P, the number of pulleys being always the same as thenumber of shuttlc-boxes on either side of the loom. Attached to each of the two slides P P P P are two arms. Two of these arms on one side of the loom are shown in Fig. l each marked Q and two of them on the other side of the loom are shown in Fig. 2 each marked Q. arms are secured to the ends of two series of shuttle-boxes, one series on each side of the loom, (one series being shown in Fig. 2 marked R R,) one arm being secured to each end of each series.

In Fig. l it will be seen that as rotary motion is given to the shaft H by the pinion F and the wheel G, the two camsIIon each end of the shaft H willas it revolves depress the 5 ends of the two arms K K, to `which are attached the two pulleysJ J, one pulley to each These four .keyed to the shaft C'.

arm. The two shafts L L will thus be turned and the finger ends N N N N N N N N N N of the two arms M M will be carried upward and carry up with them the two slides PPP P and the entire series of shuttle-boxes R R, Fig. 2, on both sides 0f the loom. The weight of the entire series of shuttle-boxes and of the two slides P P P P will always keep the two pulleys J J in close contact with the two cams I I. The shaft H must revolve with a speed equal to one-half or less than one-half, but never greater than one-half, of the speed with which the shaft S3, Fig. 2, hereinafter described, that moves the lay revolves. In making plain two-ply goods the shaft H revolves with a speed equal to one-half of the speed with which the shaft S3, Fig. 2, revolves. In making plain three-ply goods the shaft H revolves with a speed equal to one-third of the speed with which the shaft S3, Fig. 2, revolves. In making shot about three-ply goods the shaft H revolves with aspeed equal to one-sixth of the speed with which the shaft S3, Fig. 2, revolves. In making shot about two-ply goods the shaft H revolves with a speed equal to one-fourth of the speed with which the shaft S3, Fig. 2, revolves. These diiferent rates of speed require corresponding variations in the shapes of the cam I I and D', hereinafter mentioned.

Second. The next part of my invention relates to the throwing of the shuttles and to the regulation of their throwing. Ithrow the shuttles by means of motion communicated to them th rough and from either one rotating shaft or two rotating shafts (and, if two, parallel'to each other and revolving in opposite directions with equal velocities) revolving with a speed equal to that with which the shaft that moves the lay revolves; and I regulate the throwing of the shuttles, as required, by the kind ef goods to be made by causing either the one rotating shaft or the two rotating shafts to slide so'that the shuttles shall be driven regularly f rom. either side, as required.

In Fig. l on the shaft E E is a miter beveled wheel S, working into another miter beveled wheel T of the same size. Through the wheel T is the shaft U U, which by means of the two feathers V V is prevented from turning in the wheel, while the shaft U U slides in the wheel in the direction of its length. The shaft U U is coupled to the shaft W WV by the cross-head X XX. Keyed to the shaft U U is a wheel Y, which works into the wheel Z. The wheel Z is keyed fast to the shaft NV NV.

In Fig. l on the shaft H is a pinion A', working into the wheel B'. The wheel B' is On the shaft C' is a cam D'. Keyed to the shafts U U and WV W are the two wipers E E', one on each shaft. At the end of each of these wipers E' E' is a pulley F'. It will be readily seen that when rotating motion is communicated to the driving-shaft B it is communicated thence to the shafts E E, H, and C', successively, and produces a rotating motion in the cam D' against the pulley G', Fig. 1, which is secured to the cross-head X X X. This causes the crosshead X X X to slide in the box H', Fig.,1, which as it slides causes the shafts U U and WV W to slide with it. Under the cross-head X X X is a horizontal spiral spring I', Fig. l, which keeps the pulley G steadily in contact with the cani D as the cross-head X X X slides. y

In Fig. l, as rotary motion is given to the shafts U U and W WV, as before indicated, and as sliding motion is given to the same shaft by the cam D', it will be readily seen thatthe pulleys F' F on the wipers E' E' will be thrown upon the treadle J' K', Fig. 7, so as to depress them, one wiper acting on one treadle and the other on the other.

In Fig. l, I4 I4 I4 I4 are four boxes. Be-` tween these four boxes are two shafts J4 J4, one shaft in each pair of boxes. On each of these shafts is a quarter-circle or quadrant K4 K4. Each of these quarter-circles or quadrants K4 K4 has two arms. At the upper extremity of each of the quadrants K4 K4 are two bolts and an iron strap at L4 L4, for the purpose of securing the two leather straps M4 M4. These leather straps M4 M4 extend downward, and are attached to the ends of the treadles J4 K4, Fig. 7, one strap to one end of each treadle by the iron straps and bolt N4 N4, Fig. 7, one on each treadle. The box O4 holding the treadle J' is shown in Figs. l and 7, and the end of the treadle J', opposite to the end where the leather strap M4 is attached, is shown in Fig. l at J.

In Fig. l on the shafts J4 J4 are keyed the sockets P4 P4, holding the picker-sticks Q4 Q4. R4 R4 are iron straps and bolts securing the two picker-strings S4 S4 ,S4 S4 to the sockets P4 P4, one picker-string -to each socket. The picker-strings S4 S4 S4 S4 extend upward and over the ends of the picker-sticks Q4 Q4 in the manner shown at the point T4and extend both ways along the front side of the series of shuttle-boxes R R, Fig. 2, and are shown again at the point U4, Fig. 2, between the picker V4, Fig. 2, and the series of shuttleboxes R R, Fig. 2, and are attached to the picker V4, Fig. 2, by the bolt W4, Fig. 2. In Fig. 2 the bolt V4 also secures a leather strap X4, attached to the small picker stick Y4. This picker-stick Y4 runs downward, and is inserted in a socket projecting upward from the quadrant Z4. This quadrant Z4 is placed upon a pin A5 held by the box B5. The box B5 is secured to the lower rail of the framework of the lay by two bolts at C5. D5is a leather strap, one end of .which is attached to the quadrant Z4 and the other end to the spiral spring at It will be seen, therefore, that when the wipers E E', Fig. l, depress the treadles J' K', Fig. 7, bypassing over the curved pieces F5 F5, Fig. 7, placed upon the upper side of the treadle J' K,Fig. 7, one on each, the shafts J4 J4, Fig. l, willbe turned inward bymeans of theleather straps M4 M4, Fig.

l, passing over the quadrant K4, Fig. l, and

will carry with them and turn inward the picker-sticks Q4 Q4, Fig. l, by that means drawingthepickersV Fig. 2, along thepickerrod G5,Fig. 2,to the opposite end of the series of shuttle-boxes R R, Fig. 2, and causing the shuttle to be driven out of the shuttle-box, after which, by means of the leather strap X4, Fig. 2, attached to the small picker-stick V4, Fig. 2, and the spiral spring E5, Fig. 2, and the leather stra-p D5, Fig. 2, the picker V4, Fig. 2, is immediately returned to its original place outside of the series of shut-tle-boxes R R, Fig. 2, between the two fingers H5 H5, Fig. 2. On the opposite side of the loom the picker V4, the bolt IW, the leather strap X4, the picker-stick X4, the quadrant Z4, the pin A2, the box B5, the two bolts at C5, the leather strap D5, the spiral spring E5, the picker-rod G5, and the two fingers H5 H5, as the same are shown in Fig. 2, are reproduced in exactly like mechanism. In Fig. l, instead of the two shafts U U and W IV, there may be a single shaft performing the office of the two shafts. If there are two shafts, they must be p arallel to each other and must revolve in opposite directions with equal velocities. The velocity of the revolution of the shaft, if one, and of each of the two shafts, if two, must be equal to the velocity with which the shaft S2, Fig. 2, revolves.` The sliding in the manner described of the shaft, if one, and of the two shafts, if two, causes the shuttles to be driven regularly from either side of the loom, as required, and `regulates their throwing as required bythekind of goods to be made.

Third. The next part of my invention relates to the positive taking up of the cloth. I take it up by means of friction-rolls, which have a regular and positive motion and varound which the cloth moves, and I combine with those rolls a compensating-lever, which operates so as to drive the cloth-beam more slowly as the roll of cloth on it increases in diameter.

In Fig. l, L' is a wheel, (shown by dotted lines,) the lower edge of which isshown in Fig. 2. In Figs. l and 2 this wheel works into the pinion C on the drivingshaft B B, and is keyed to the shaft M', which runs through from side to side of the loom. The shafts B B and M are both represented in Fig. l as broken od, but they are continued through in fact to the opposite side of the loom. The shaft B B has on its opposite end at a like position -with the pinion C a pinion exact-ly like the pinion C, and the shaft M' has on its opposite end at a like position with the wheel Il a wheel exactly like the wheel L.

In Fig. l, on the shaft M is acam N. On the opposite end of the same shaft M', and in a likeposition with the cam N', is a cani exactly like the cam N The cani N works a pulley O directly over it. (Shown by dotted lines.) This is a friction-pulley and has its'bearings in the lower side of the lever P P P'. Upon the other side of the loom, and in a like position with the pulley O', is a friction-pulley exactly like the pulley O and having its bearings in the lower side of a lever exactly like the lever P P P', and in a like position with that lever. The lever P' P P' is shown in Fig. 2 at P'.

In Fig. 2 parts of twovertical rods Q Q are shown. 'A part of one of them is shown in Fig. l. In Fig. l the rod Q' is connected with one end of the lever P P P in the joint R. In Fig. lthe other end of the lever P P' P is placed upon a stud a, secured to the side of the loom, and there is a like stud upon the other side of the loom to which the lever that has been mentioned as like the lever P P P is secured. .The stud a is shown in Fig. 2. The rod Q', Fig. 2, that is not shown in Fig. l, is connected with the other lever that has been mentioned as like the lever P P' P' in a joint exactly like the joint R'.

In l on the wheel B2 is a click, a dog` F2, and a spring G2, to hold the dog F2 onto the ratchet C2. On the end of the shaft E2 E2 is a ratchet H2. This ratchet H2 is also shown in Fig. 2.

In Fig. l, l2 is a vertical slide, to which is attached a dog J2 J2. To the vertical slide 12 is also attached a stud K2. From the stud K2 projects a pin L2, which carries a pulley M2. N2 is a spring holding the dog J2 J2 onto the ratchet H2. InFig. 2 the shaft E2 E2 is extended on toward the front part of they loom, onto the end of which shaft E2 E2near the front post of the loom is keyed a wheel O2. This wheel 02 is shown in Fig. 9, as is also the front end of the shaft E2 E2.

In Fig. 9, P2 is a wheel of the same size as the wheel O2, and is keyed to the shaft Q2 Q2. R2 is an intermediate gear between the wheel P2 and the wheel O2 and is secured to the stud S2. The top of the stud S2 is shown in Fig. 2 bolted to the breast-beam Y.

In Fig. 9, T2 is abox leveling the three front take-up rolls U2 U2 U2. V21 V22 V23 are gears on therrolls U2 U2 U2, one on each. The gear V22 works into the gear V23, and the gear V23 woz-ks into the gear V21. V2 isa worin-wheel keyedto the shaft of the roll U2, on which is the gear V21, the top of which roll is driven outward by the worm X2 on the shaft Q2 Q2, the worm X2 working into the worm-wheel W2. The roll V2,on which is the gear V23 and the gear V23 are also shown in Fig. 2, and the three rolls U2 U2 U2 and the gear V23 are shown in Fig. l.

In Fig. 1 it will. be readily seen that as rotary motion is given by the wheel L to the shaft M', the shaft M' carrying with it the cam N', on which rolls the pulley O in the.

lower side of the llever P' P' P', a vertical motionis given to the pulley end of the lever P' I P. As vertical motion is given to the lever P P P it operates the vertical slide I2 by means of the pulley M2, the vertical slide I2 carrying with it the dog J2 J2, which works into the ratchet H2, which is keyed onto the back end of the shaft E2 E2.

In Fig. l, after the cloth leaves the take-up rolls U2 U2 U2, it passes down to the floor under a roll not shown in any of the drawings, but like the roll Z2, hereinafter described, under the frame-work Y2 Y2 Y2 Y2, under the roll Z2, and onto the cloth-beam shown at A3 in Fig. 2. In Fig. l, B3 is the lower end of a stationary dog that holds the ratchet-wheel C3 in Fig. 2. The whole of the dog B3 is shown in Fig. 2.

In Fig. 2 the ratchet-wheel C3 is keyed upon the t-himble D3, one end of which thimble D3 is a pinion E3 working into the large toothed wheel F3, which wheel F3 is keyed fast to the shaft G3 of the cloth-beam A3. On the shaft G3 is a lever H3, in one end of which is placed a stud I3. Spanning this stud I3 is a forked piece J3 J3, coming down from-the lever P P P, Fig. l, attached to it at the farther end of the stud K3, Fig. I, and worked by it with a vertical motion.

In Fig. 2, on the opposite side of the shaft G3, and on the lever H3, is a slide L3, to which is attached a weight M3. On the upper end of the slide L3 is a hook N3, to which is attached a cord o3, running around a spool P3. The hook N3, the cord 03, and the spool P3 are represented in dotted lines. The other end of the cord`o3 is not shown, but the cord o3 passes around the spool P3 and is fastened to an upright piece attached with a jointto the floorl below, the upper end of which upright piece works against the clot-h on the clothbeam as it winds' on, and as the cloth-beam fills up carries outthe slide L3 and keeps it opposite the extreme periphery of the cylinder formed by the cloth on the cloth-beam A3. Q3 is the upper end of a dog, the lower end of which is represen ted in dotted lines. This dog Q3 works the ratchet C3. R3 is a spiral spring holding the-dog Q3 against the ratchet C3.

From the foregoing description it is obvious that in consequence of` the compensating movement of the slide L3 on the lever H3 the cloth must be wound upon the cloth-beam A3 with a uniform tension whether the roll of cloth on the cloth-beam A3 be larger or smaller. The machinery thus described for taking up the cloth vproduces a positive take-up. The three take-u p rolls are covered with cloth and are properly friction-rolls. The cloth passes under the upper front roll, then backward and around the middle roll, and then forward and over the lower roll, and then down to the roll before mentioned that is like the roll Z2, Fig. l.

Fourth. The next part of my invention cou'- sists of a positive let-olf motion, whereby I effect a regular and uniform delivery from the yarn-beam of a certain and invariablyeqnal length of yarn at each regular and uniform delivery.

In Fig. 2 three rolls V V V have each of them one bearing in the slide U, and they have cach of them another bearing in the slide on the opposite side of the loom, which is hereinafter mentioned as like the slide U. The gears VVl WV 2 W3 are on the let-off rolls V V V, one on each. The gear W 2 works into the gear VS, and the gear V3 works into the gear Wl. X is a worm wheel keyed to the shaft of the roll on which is the gear V2, the top of which roll is driven in the direction of the breast-beam Y by the worm Z on the shaft A2, the worm Z working into the worm-wheel X. The shaft A2 is boxed onto the slide U at A21 and slides with it. On the opposite end of the shaft A2 is a wheel B2 and a ratchet C2. The end of the shaft A2, the wheel B2, and the ratchet C2 are also shown in Fig. l.

In Figs. l and 2 the wheel B2 is loose on the shaft A2 and runs in gear with the wheel D2 on the shaft E2 E2. As the wheels D2, Fig. I, and B2, Fig. l, run together and are equal to each other in number of teeth,'the shaft E2 E2, Fig. l, and the shaft A2, Fig. l, will have the same amount of motion, and as the worm-wheel V2, Fig. 9, and the Worm-wheel X', Fig. 2, are equal to each other in all respects, and as the Worm Z', Fig. 2, and the worm X2, Fig. 9, are equal to each other in all respects, the front take-up rolls U2 U2 U2, Fig. 9, and the let-off rolls V V V,'Fig. 2, will have the same amount of motion,'all six of the :rolls being of the same diameter.

The machinery thus described for letting off the yarn produces a positive let-off, and that and the positive take-up before describedoperate together as one piece of'machinery. The positive let-off produces a regular and uniform delivery from the yarn-beam of a certain and invariably equal length of yarn at each regular and uniform delivery. rllhe three let-off rolls are covered with cloth and are properly friction-rolls. The yarn passes from the yarn-beam over the lower back roll, then around the middle forward roll, and then backward around and over the upper back roll to which the worm-wheel X, Fig. 2, is secured. The yarn is drawn olf vfrom the yarn-beam by the friction of t-he yarn on the rolls and not by the pressure of the rolls against each other, there being no other means of rotating the yarn-beam so as to let off the yarn except the pulling of the yarn through the rolls as the loom works it up.

Fifth. The next part of my invention consists in preventing the opening and closing of the shed from producing an increased or diminished strain upon the warp threads. This I effect by the regular and positive advance of the let-off rolls toward the harness through an invariably equal distance at every -opening of the shed, and by their return through the same distance at every closing of the shed, as hereinafter described.

In Figs. l and 2 the pitman T terminates at one end at the upper extremity of the lever P P P in a joint S. At the other end it is connected with the slide U, Fig. 2, in a joint like the joint S'. Upon the opposite side of the loom and in a like position with the pitman T' is a pitman exactly like the pitman T', terminating at one end at the npper extremity of the lever which has been mentioned as like the lever P' P' P', and in a joint which is in a like position with the joint S and exactly like it, and connected at the other end with a slide in a like position With and exactly like the slide U in a joint like the joint S'. It will bc seen that as vertical motion is given to the pulley end of the lever P' P P', Fig. l, it will communicate a horizontal sliding motion to the slide U', Fig. 2, which slide will carry with it the rolls V' V V', Fig. 2. f

In Fig. 2, by means of the motion of the slide U and of the machinery connected with it I produce a regular and positive advance of the let-off rolls toward the harness through an invariably equal distance at every opening of the shed and their return through the same dist-ance at every closing of the shed, and thus the opening and closing of the shed are prevented from producing an increased or diminished strain upon the Wash-threads.

Sixth. Thenext partofmyinventionrelates to the Working of the lay to beat up the cloth. I Work it by means of slides and connectingrods or pitmen, as hereinafter described. The peculiar feature of my slide is thatit is Worked by means of a combination of machinery, consisting` of a shaft, a crank, a crank-pin, a pulley, and a slot. The motion of the slide is communicated to the lay by means of connecting rods or pitmen, which are attached to the frame-Work of the lay and are so arranged as to brace the frame-Work of the lay. c

In Fig. 2 the shaft S3 has keyed toit a Wheel T3 of the same size as each of the Wheels D and L'. The Wheel T3 is immediately above the wheel L' (shown in dotted lines in Fig. l) and Works into it. The shaft S3 runs through the loom from side to side, and on the opposite end of the shaft S3 and at a like position with the wheel T3 is a Wheel exactly like the Wheel T3, and working into the Wheel which has vbeen described as on the shaft M' and as exactly like the wheel L'. On the extreme end of the shaft S3 is a curved arm U3, represented in dotted lines, and carrying a pulley V3 attached to the arm U3. On the opposite end of the shaft S3 and at a like position with the arm U3 is a curved arm exactly like the arm U3, and carrying a pulley which is at a like position with and exactly like the pulley V3, and is attached to the arm which has been described as like the arm U3. The pulley V3, for which, however, a crank-pin on the curved arm U3 may be substituted, Works into the curve or slot W3. The curved piece X3 has two shafts Y3 Y3 projecting out from it, one on each side. The curved piece X3 and the shafts Y3 Y3 are supported byand slide in the boxes Z3 Z3. Attached to the curved piece X3, and running through it and projecting from it ou both sides, is a pin or stud A4 A4. On the ends of the stud A4 A4, one on each end, are placed two pitmen B4 B4 and C4 C4, one on each side of the curved piece X3, C4 C4 being a straight one running directly from the inside of the curved piece X3 to a stand D4, bolted to the race-board E4 of the lay, and B4 B4 being in the form of and acting as a brace and running from the outer side of the curved piece X3 to a stand F4 bolted to the frame-Work G4 G4of the lay. The race-board E4 of the lay is secured to the frame-work G4 G4 of the lay at I-I4. On the opposite side of the loom the curve or slot V3 the curved piece X3, the shafts Y3 Y3, the boxes Z3 Z3, the pin or stud A4 A4, the pitlnen B4 B4 and C4 C4, the stand D4, the race-board E4 of the lay, the stand F4, the frame-Work G4 G4 of the lay, and the point H4 are reproduced in exactly like mechanism. The axes of the tWo shafts Y3 Y3 and the axis of the shaft S3 are in the same horizontal plane, the one at right angles to the other. The axes of the two shafts Y3 Y3 are in the same vertical plane and in the same horizontal plane with each other. It is apparent therefore that when rotary motion is given to the shafts S3, a sliding motion Will be produced in the direction of the lengths of the shafts Y3 Y3, which as they slide will carry with them the curved piece X3 and the pitmen B4 B4 and C4 C4 and cause the raceboard E4 of the lay and the frame G4 G4 of the lay to vibrate for the purpose ofgbeating up the cloth.

In Fig. 2, 3 is a stand secured to the floor and holding the frame-Work of the lay. J3 J5 are joints in which the frame-Work of the lay vibrates. K3, wherever found in any of the figures, represents the frame-Work of the loom. rThis frame-work is represented as broken off and removed in several places the better to exhibit the machinery.

Seventh. The next part of myinvention relates to the throwing of the loom out of gear. I cause it to throw itself out of gear Whenever a shuttle fails to go into its proper box at the proper time, and also Whenever the connection formed by any weft-thread between its shuttle and the cloth is not maintained during the Wholetime of the passage of that shuttle through the Warp-threads, and this I effect by the operation of hooks attached to the bed of the lay, as hereinafter described. In the arrangement for stopping the loom When the connection of the Weftthread is broken the hooks are combined with Wires or prongs for the reception of the weft-thread, as hereinafter described, andare operated by the passage of the shuttle into the shuttle-box, as hereinafter described.

In Fig. l, behind the driving-pulley A and upon the driving-shaft B is a slide L3 L3, having two pins M3 M3 projecting from it and ruiming through the tubes N3 N3 in the center of the driving-pulley A, one through each tube. The tubes N3 N3 are also shown in Fig. 2. This slide L3 L3, Fig. 1, is worked in the direction ol' the length ol' the drivingshaft B, Figs. 1 and 2, bythe lever O5, Fig. 2, secured to the stud P5, Fig. 2, the lower end of the lever O5, Fig. 2, being inserted in the crease Q5, Fig. 1, and the upper end extending upward and being inserted in and running through the spring S5, Fig. 2, below the handle R5, Fig. 2. As thehandle R5, Fig. 2, attached to the spring S5, Fig. 2, is pulled inward toward the frame-work K5 of the loom, and as the spring S5 S5, Fig. 2, is hitched onto the catch T5, Fig. 2, the pins M5 M5, Fig. 1, projecting from the slide L5 L5, Fig. 1, and running through the tubes N5 N5, Figs. 1 and 2, in the center of the driving-pulley A, Figs. 1 and 2, pass into the holes which are shown in the plate U5 U5, Fig. 2, keyed onto the driving-shaft B, Figs. 1 and 2, by which means a connection is formed between the driving-pulley A, Figs. 1 and 2, and the driving-shaft B, 1 and 2. The driving-pulley A, Figs. 1 and 2, and the slide L5 L5, Fig. 1, are loose ou the shaft B, Figs. 1 and 2.

In Fig. 2, on the back side of the series of shuttle-boxes R R are flat steel springs V5 V5 V5, turning outward from each of the shuttlc-boxes. Screwed onto the inner sides of the springs V5 V5 V5 are the pieces W5 VV'5 75, one on each. As the shuttle comes into the shuttle-boxit crowds against the piece V5 and forces the spring V5 outward, as represented in the drawings, and is therefore held steady by it and prevented from rebounding. On the frame-work GrL G4 of the lay is secured an upright stud X5. On the stud X5 is placed a hollow cylinder Y5, having two arms Z5 Z5 projecting from it. Above and across one of the arms Z5 Z5 is placed a slide A5, which is secured to the arm by a pin A5. At one end of the slide A5 is a piece B5, connected to the slide A5 by the joint C5. The two spiral springs D5 D5, one projecting out onto and pressing against the upper side of the piece B5 and the other projecting out onto and pressing against the lower side of .the piece B5, are designed to keep the piece B5 in its place, its place being as represented in the drawings. The other end of the slideA5 runs through the stand E5 at E5. The stand E5 is bolted to the frame-work G4 G5 of the lay. To the other of the arms Z5 Z5 is secured a rod F5. The rod F5 is continued on and works against the hook G5. The hook G5 is secured to the under side of the stand D5by a nut and bolt, and is kept against the end of the rod E5 by the spiral spring H5 immediately under it. The hook G5 and the rod F5 on the opposite side of the loom, and which are alike on both sides of the loom, are shown in Fig. 8.

In Fig. 2, from underneath the race-board E5 of the lay project three hooks 1G JG K6,

These hooks are alsoshown in Fig. 8. In Fig. 8 the hook I5 is secured fast to the crooked arm L5 by the rod M5. The hook K5 and the crooked arm N5 are keyed fast to the shaft O5 O5. On the ends ofthe two crooked arms L5 and N5 are secured two studs P5 P5, one on each arm. The two studs 15 15 terminate each in a joint at its upper end with the two studs Q5 Q5 secured to the two levers R5 R5, one stud to each level'. The two fulcrums S5 S5, one to each of the two levers R5 R5, are secured to the under side of the race-board E4 E4 of the lay. On the opposite ends of the two levers R5 R5 are two joints, one to each lever, connecting the two levers R5 R5, with two upright connections T5 T5, one connection to each lever. The upper ends of the two pieces T5 T5 are secured to the plates U51 U52 by two joints, one to each plate. Extending down from underneaththe two plates U51 U52V are four pins V5V5, two on each plate. The four pins V5 V5 are guided so that they may slide in a vertical direction by two stands V5 WV, one stand to each pair of pins. In the upper side of the two plates U51 U52 sixteen wires are inserted, eight in each plate, bent in the manner shown in the drawings. X5 X5 are two small frame-works immediately above the two plates U51 U52, one above each plate, secured to the front of the race-board E4 of the lay at Y5 Y5, each by two bolts. Underneath the two frame-works X5 X5 are eighteen wires, nine under each, (only four of which are shown in the drawings,) coming down the thickness of the wire below the front sides and ends of the two frame-works X5 X5, and running parallel with their lower edges and turned up and riveted through the cross-bars Z5 Z5, nine through each cross-bar. The hooks 15 and J5, the crooked arm L5, the rod M5, the upright piece T5, the plate U52, the frame` work X5, and the shaft O5 O5 are shown in Figs. 10 and 11. The two pins V5 V5 and the stand W5 are shown in Fig. 10. The stud P5,

the stud Q5, the lever R5, the fulcrum S5, and the pin V5are shown in Fig. 11. Figs. 10 and 11 are drawn full size.

It will be obvious in Fig. 8 from the foregoing description that as the race-board E4 of the lay is carried forward for the purpose of beating up the weft-thread the two hooks 15 and K5 having each of them a curved swell on its lower surface, which curved swell on K5 is shown at A7 will, as they pass forward and over the two pulleys B7 and C5, one over each pulley, (which pulleys B7 and C7 are secured to the stud D5,) be thrown upward intoA theposition in which the hook K5 is represented in Fig. 8. Thus by the action of the hook K5 the shaft O5 O5 will be turned so that in consequence of the connection before described of the shaft O5 O5 with the plate U51 the plate U51 will be dropped to the position in which it is represented in Fig. 8, and be held there by the hook G5, and the lever E5, which lever E7 is keyed fast to the shaft O5, the hook I5 being loose on the shaft 0505, and being connected by means of the rod M5 with the crooked arm L5, which crooked arm L5 is also loose on the shaft O5 O5, will, whenever it is thrown up by passing over the pulley C7, have the same effect on the plate U52 that the hook K5 has on the plate U51, and the plate U62, when dropped to a like position with that in which the plate U61 is represented in Fig. S, will be held down in consequence of the hook G6, Fig. 2, catching, as the hook l, Figs. 2 and S, rises, a projection on the side of the hook I6, Figs. 2 and 8, and holding firmly the hook I6, Figs. 2 and S.

In Fig. S the two hooks I6 and K6' have two pieces F7 F7 secured to them at their tops, one to each. The hook J6 has its bearing at G7, and extends backward under the two pieces F7 F7, and as the two hooks I6 K6 are always up when the lay recedes, the two pieces F7 F7 will be raised from the back end of the hook J6, so that the hook end of the hook .I6 will fall downward, and in case the shuttle as it is thrown does not go into the box on the opposite side of the loom neither of the two hooks I6 K6 will be dropped down, and the hook end of the hook J6 will notbe raised. Consequently, as the lay returns forward,the hook J6 will catch the slide T5 H7 H7, Fig. 2, and the spring S5 S5, Fig. 2, will be let go andthe loom be thrown out ot gear. The piece F7 is shown in Fig. 10. The curved snell A7, the two pulleys B7 C7, the shed D7, and the bearing at G7 are shown in Fig. 1l.

In Fig. 2, as the shuttle is thrown from the left-hand side of the loom to the right, carrying the thread with it, as shown in Fig. S, and goes into one of the series of shuttle-boxes R R on the right-hand side of the loom, one of the springs V5 V5 V5 is crowded outward and carries with it the slide A6, which is secured to the arm Z5, by which means a sliding motion is given to the rod F6 in the direction of its length, which crowds off the hook G6 and lets the hook end of the hook I6 drop downward, causing the plate U62, Fig. 8,10 pass upward and catch the thread between the wires in it and the wires in the frame-work X6, Fig. 8, above it, in which case the hook I6 as it drops raises the hook end of the hook J6 to a level with it and just above the slide T5 H7 H7, so that the hooks I6 J6 pass over the slide T5 H7 H7, and the loom works on.

In Fig. S, as the shuttle is thrown from the right-hand side of the loom to the left into one of the series of shuttle-boxes on the lefthand side, there being the same number of shuttle-boxes on each side and like machinery on the left-hand side with that .represented on-the right-hand side in Fig. 2 as in connection with the series of shuttle-boxes R R, a sliding motion is produced in the rod F6, the end of which is shown, so that the hook G6 is crowded oi and the lever E7 is let go, causing the hook K6 to drop and the slide U6 1 to rise and catch the thread between the wires on it and the wires on the frame-work X6,and as the hook end of the hook K6drops it raises the hook end of the hook J6to a level with and just above the slide T5 H7 H7, Fig. 2, so that the hooks .l6 K6 pass over the slide T5 H7 H7, 2, and the loom works on. It is worthy of remark here that the hook end of he hook J6 is always down when the lay recedes, and is always ready to catch the slide T51-17H7, Fig. 2, and will catch it unless taken up by one of the hooks I6 K6 as they drop downward.

Iu Fig. 8, whenever the weft-thread breaks or is exhausted from the bobbn in the shuttle, so that it is not present between the slides U61 U62, respectively, and the frame-works X6 X6, respectively, the wires on the plates U61 U62 pass up between the wires on the frame-works X6 X6, and by them thus enabling the hook end of the hooks I6 K6 to pass farther downward and catch the slide T5 H7 H7, Fig. 2, and as the lay passes forward the loom is thrown out of gear, as before represented. Thus it will be readily seen that from Whichever side of the loom and in whatever order the shuttles are thrown,the hooks I6 K6 J6 are always ready to perform their ofces.

My thread-protector is constructed with wires, but may be constructed with prongs. The principle on which I construct it and the machinery connected with it is to place the wires or prongs between which the weftthread lies suficiently near together to be sensitive to the presence of the finest thread and to multiply the number of wires orprongs and bring them closer together as the tineness of the weft-thread increases. It will also be seen that it is the passage ot' the shuttle into the shuttle-box that works the machinery which throws the loom out of gear when the weft-thread is not found between the wires of the thread-protector at the proper time.

The partsof the loom immediately in connection with the treadles which are shown in Fig. l are also shown in Fig. 7, and are lettered in Fig. 7 to correspond with their lettering in Fig. 1

Eighth. The next part of my invention consists of a conditional let-ott, whereby yarn is let off from the yarn-beam in consequence of there being an improper strain on the warpthread, and whereby such letting off of yarn ceases whenever the proper strain on the warpthreads is restored.

In Fig. 2, I7 I7 is a rod lying across the loom immediately above the warp and resting lightly upon the warp. One end of the rod I7 I7 is shown resting upon a curved piece J7. bolted to the frame-work K5 of the loom at J7. The other end of the rod I7 17 rests upon alike curved piece on the opposite side of the loom, bolted in a like manner to the frame-work ot' the loom on the opposite side. Resting upon the top of the rod I7 I7 is a nut K7` The nut K7 is screwed onto the top of a rod L7, which passes through the rod I7 17. The rod L7 passes down through the warp and is curved, so that it passes on clear of the cloth-beam The lower end of the rod L7 is shown at L7, Fig. l. In Fig. l the rod L7 is attached to an arm M7. The arm M7 is secured to a stud N7 at N7. On the stud N7 and connected with and at rightangles to the arm M7 is an arm O7, extending downward. On the arm M7 is suspended a hook P7, holding a weight Q7. Secured to the lower end of the arm O7 is a rod R7 R7, extending to and connected with a vertical slide S7. The vertical slide S7 extends upward through a slot in the plate T7, and has a hook extending downward from it at S7. The vertical slide S7 is connected with the vertical slide U7 at U7. To the vertical slide U7 at V7 is attached a dog V7, which works into the ratchet 77. The ratchet V7is keyed fast to the shaft A2. X7 is a spring.,r holding the dog V7 against the ratchet V7. The top of the dog V7 is shown on the farther side of the ratchet IV7. Close to the vertical slide S7 is another vertical slide Y7, which passes upward through the plate T7, and is secured by a bolt Z7 to the lever A8. The lever A8 works upon a stud secured to the frame K5 of the loom at A8. The lever A8 is also` shown in Fig. 2, where it will be seen that as it goes forward it curves upward and passes overa Vertical stud B8, the vertical stud B8 being secured to a ring C8, which is secured to the shaft M'. The partsjust described, asin Fig. 2, are shown in dotted lines under the curved piece i Now it will be seen in Fig. 2 that as rotary motion is given to the shaft M the vertical studB8, being secured to it, will revolve with it and give a vertical motion to the curved 'end ot' the lever A8. The vertical slide Y7,

(seen more distinctly in Fig. 1,) being attached to the lever A8 at Z7, will have a vertical sliding motion.

In Fig. l, as the rod I7 I7, Fig. 2, is raised it will, from its connection with the vertical slide S7, bring the vertical slide S7 forward over the beveled stud D8, which is secured to the vertical slide Y7. As the vertical slide Y7 has a vertical motion, it will carry up the vertical slide S7 and operate the dog V7, attached to the vertical slide U7 and working into the ratchet 77. The ratchet V7 being keyed to the shaft A2 andthe wheel B2 being loose on the shaft A2, as before represented, the shaft A2 will be at liberty to turn. The click or dog F2, secured to the wheel B2 and held down to the ratchet C2 by the spring G2, will always prevent the wheel B2 from turning on the shaft A2 when the wheel B2 is driven by the wheel D2, the ratchet C2 being keyed fast to shaft A2.

In Fig. 2 the nut K7 may be adjusted by screwing it. It is in practice so adj usted that with the ordinary tension which the warpthreads have in weaving they will not affect the rod I7 I7, although they are in contact with it; but if the tension of the warp-threads is increased they will raise the rod I7 I7` and thus, by means of the machinery which has just been described, there is provided a conditional movement for the three let-off rolls. V V V, Fig. 2, in addition to their positive movement before described, by which condi` tional movement sufficient yarn, and no more, will be let off from the yarn-beam to restore theirgiven strain tothe warp-threads.

In Fig. 2, E8 is one head of the yarn-beam resting on the box F8. G8 G8 G8 G8 are two pieces secured to the frame-work K5 of the loom, one piece on each side, to which pieces are secured on the inside vertical guides for the harness-journals, one of which harnessjournals is shown at H8 H8. L8 L8 L8 represent the warp-threads going through the harness J8 J8 J8. K8 is the cloth on the clothbeam. J8 is the cloth passing over the breastbeam Y. M8 is a roll holding the upper edge of the reed N8. O8 is a temple.

Ninth. The next part of my invention relates to the working of the draft-boards. I vwork the draft-boards or combs when they are used by forming and breaking the connection between the draft -boards or combs and the machinery that works them by means of the two hooks-H8 H8, as hereinafter described; and in connection with the movement hereinafter described of the Jacquard machine to which the harness is attached I use for the purpose of moving the draftboards in correspondence with the movement of the part of the jacquard to which the harness is attached the combination of machinery hereinafter described, consisting of the two jacks X8 X8 X8 X8, the two rods Z8 Z8, the slide B8 B8 and the pin C8.

In Fig. 2, on the upper ends of the rods Q Q and between them and the two triangular slides P8 P8 P8 P8 P8 P8, Fig. 3, the lower end of one of which triangular slides is shown in Fig. 2 at P8, are two nuts, only one of which is shown in Fig. 2, (marked Q8,) there being one nut Q8 on the upper end of each rod Q, and each triangular slide P8 P8 P8, Fig. 3. Each nut Q8 has in the lower end of it a screw between it and the rod Q and in the upper end of it a socket and set-screw, so that as the nuts Q8are turned on the lower ends of the triangular slides P8v P8 P8 P8 P8 P8, Fig. 3, those triangular slides will be raised or lowered, carrying with them the frame-work R8, Fig. 3, of the Jacquard machine above them, which rests upon themand is bolted to them by two bolts on each side of the loom, as shown at V8 V8, Fig. 3, and thus by the turning of the nuts Q8 the height of the harness will be adjusted. .In

Fig. 3, R8, wherever found, represents the frame-work of the Jacquard machine. On

. the cross-rail K8l, Figs. 2 and 3, of the framework K5 of the loom opposite K8l, Fig. 3, is av box S8, Fig. 3, which serves as a guide for the lower end of the triangular slide P8 P8 P8, Fig. 3. In Fig. 3, on the upper end of the triangular slide P8 P8 P8 are two boxes T8 T8, which serve as guides for the upper end of the triangular slide P8 P8 P8, and are bolted to the frame-work K5 of the loom at U8. On the triangular slide P8 P8 P8, secured to its inner upper extremity, is a joint holding the upper end of the connecting-rod W8, the lower end of which rod W'8 is fastened to one end of a rocking-beam or jack X8 X8 at Y8. The opposite end lof the jack X8 X8 has atan; p 9

tached to it a rod the lower end of which is shown at Z9, and which is like the rod W9. The jack X9 X9 is shown in dotted lines, and is secured at A9 to the framework K5 ot the loom. On the opposite side of the loom the boxes S9, the two boxes T9 T9, the two bolts V9 V9, the connecting-rod VS, the rocking beam or jack X9 X9, and the rod Z9 are reproduced in exactly like mechanism. One box T9 and one bolt V9 on the opposide side of the loom are shown.

In Fig. 5 the two rocking beams X9 X9 X9 X9 are partly shown with their inner ends attached to the two rods Z9 Z9, one to each. The upper ends of the rods Z9 Z9 are secured each by a joint to the slide B9 B9. The slide B9 B9 is placed upon a pin C9, which projects downward from the Vertical slide D9 D9, represented as broken oft' at the upper end. The upper end of the Vertical slide D9 D9 is also represented in Figs. 3 and 6.

In Fig. 3, on the upper end of the vertical slide D9 D9 is a cross-head E9 E9, turning downward at E9 and secured to the vertical slide D9 D9by the bolt F9 in the center of the cross-head E9 E9.

In Fig. G the vertical slide D9 D9, a part of the cross-head E9 E9, and a part of the horizontal piece I9 I9 are shown turned around, so as to present the opposite side of them from that shown in Fig. 3.

In Fig. 3 G9 G9 are two joints, one on each side of the center ot the cross-head E9 E9, in which the upper ends ot' the two hooks H9 H9 work,one hook in each joint. The two hooks H9 H9 are connected together by a horizont-al piece I9 I9, which is attached to them at H9 H9. Into the under edge of the horizontal piece I9 I9 are inserted two springs, one of which is shown at J9. The other spring is like the spring J9 and in like position with it. The spring J9, which is shown in Fig. 3, is also shown in Fig. G. Between the two springs J9, and secured to the shaft K9, Fig. G, is a triangular cam L9, one point of which is shown in Figs. 3 and 6 projecting against the spring J9. The triangular cam L is fully shown in Fig. l2.

In Fig. 6, between the cam L9 and the hexagon M9 or wheel with six points and six projecting pins is a box N9, holding the shaft K9. The shaft K9 is secured at its opposite end to the vertical slide D9 D9. O9 O9 is a Vertical slide with a cross-piece on the bottom pressed down onto the wheel M9 by the spiral spring P9, for the purpose of holding,

the points of the cam L9 steadily against the springs J9 when required.

In Fig. 3 the two upper rails R9 R9 R9 R9 of the frame-work of the Jacquard machine extend outward, and at R91 R91 R91 R91 curve upward. On the ends of the two upper rails R9 R9 R9 R9 are four boxes Q9 Q9 Q9 Q9, one on each end. The shafts R9 R9 are carried by the four boxes Q9 Q9 Q9 Q9, one shaft by each pair of boxes. On the outside of the boxes Q9 Q9 Q9 Q9 are four arms S9 S9 S9 S9,

keyed to the ends of the two shafts R9 R9 at T9 T9 T9 T9, one arm on each end of each of the two shafts. On the opposite ends ot' the four arms S9 S9 S9 S9 are four joints U9 U9 U9 U9, one joint. on the opposite end of each arm connecting with the four arms S9 S9 S9 S9 four rods,one'rod with reach arln, three of which rods are shown marked V9 V9 V9, and the fourth of which is exactly like each of those that are shown. These four rods are secured to four slides, as shown at W9 W9 W9, one rod to each slide, three of which slides are shown marked W9 W9 W9, and the fourth of which is exactly like each of those that are shown. Secured to the four arms S9 S9 S9 S9 at X9 X9 X9 X9 are two cross-pieces X9 X9 X9 X9, one cross-piece to each pair of arms. To the centers of the two cross-pieces X9 X9 X9 X9, at Y9 Y9, are bolted two curved pieces Y9 Y9, one curved piece to the center ot' each cross-piece. In the inner ends of the two curved pieces Y9 Y9 are two slots or openings Z9Z9,one slot in the inner end of each curved piece. In these two slots Z9 Z9 are inserted two pins running through from side to side, one pair to each slot.

From the description before given it will have been seen that vertical motion is given to the two vertical rods Q Q', Fig. 2, by the two levers P P P', Fig. 2. The amount of that vertical motion is in each of the rods Q Q', Fig. 2, equal or nearly equal to one-half ofthe opening of the shed of the warp-th reads. As then in Fig. 3 vertical motion is given to the two vertical rods Q Q', Fig. 2, it is communicated to the two triangular slides P9 P9 P9, which as they move carry with them the whole frame-work R9 of the Jacquard machine and also the two knot-boards A19 A19, two tailboards, the end of one of which is shown at B19, the two slides C19 C19, the cylinderor prism D19, over which the pattern-cards run, all the upper part of the pattern-cards E19 E19 E19, the back board F19, the sliding back board G19, the needle-board, ot which the upper edge is shown at H19, and the four cylinder-hooks J 19 J 19 J 19 J 19, and, in short, all the parts that ordinarily constitute a Jacquard machine. It will thus be seen that by the connection of the upper parts of the two triangular slides P9 P9 P9 with the two rocking-beams or jacks X9 X9 X9 X9 the vertical slide D9 (the lower end of which and its connection with the two rocking-beams X9 X9 X9 X9 are shown in Fig. 5) will slide downward at the same time that the two triangular slides P9 P9 P9 slide upward and will, as it slides downward, carry down the two of the four slides I9 I9 W9, that are shown in Fig. 3 as drawn up. As the Vertical slide D9 D9 comesdewn, carrying down with it the wheel M9, Fig. t5, one of the six projecting horizontal pins on the wheel M9, Fig. 6, will come in contact with the vertical stud J19, Fig. 6, which will cause the wheel M9, Fig. 6, to turn, thereby throwing one of the points of the triangular cam L19, Figs. 6 and 12, againstthat one ot the two springs J9 which is not shown in Figs. 3 and (5, whereby that one of the two hooks H9 H9 which is shown in Fig. 3 as hooked into the slot Z9, will let go its hold and the horizontal piece I9 I9 be carried across, so that the hook end of the other one of the two hooks H0 H9 will hook onto the slot Z0, which is shown in Fig. 3 as below it, this last-named slot Z9 being at that instant brought up by the motion of the Jacquard machine to a level with the hook F0 that is on the same side with it; then as the Jacquard machine goes downward again the draftboard that was before down will be drawn up. This mode of working the draft-boards is equally applicable to the working of combs where they are used instead of draft-boards. My mode of working the draft-boards may be used with two Jacquard machines instead of one, and in that case the hooks H9 H9, of which there will be four, will still be worked in correspondence with the working of the draftboards.

Tenth. Thenext part of m yin vention relates to the movement of the Jacquard machine. I attach the harness to the knot-boards, (or to their equivalent, benga part of the Jacquard machine,) as hereinafter described, and I then move the part of the jacquard to which the harness is attached regularly and statedly in correspondence with the beating up of the lay, so as to aid in opening and closing the shed, as hereinafter described; and the harness, the moving parts of the Jacquard and their connections with the lower part of the loom are so arranged that when the loom is to be thrown out of gear the weight of the harness aud of these parts and connections opposes the greatest possible resistance to the momentum of the loom. The whole of that weight rests on the two levers P P P, Fig. l, and through these levers and the two pulleys O', Fig. l, on the two cams N, Fig. 1. X'Vhen the layis back, (at which time, if atall, the loom is to b e thrown out of gear,) that weight rests on the parts of the two cams N', Fig. l., that are nearest to the shaft M', Fig. l, and therefore opposes the greatest possible resistance to the momentum of the loom. I also use as a part of the Jacquard machine and for the purpose of permitting the draftboards to come down without crowding out the cylinder or prism the combination of machinery hereinafter described, consisting of the two slides Y10, the two springs Z10, and the two needles Q10.

In Fig. 3, K102 K10 K10l K10 K10 K10 K10 K10 are four hooks on the Jacquard machine, each of which has a joint at its lower end. Three of the joints are shown at L10 L10 L10. The fourth joint is like each of the other three. Attached to the four joints L10 L10 L10 are four pieces M10 M10 M10 M10, one piece to each joint, which extend downward through the frame-work of the Jacquard machine, as shown at N10 N10. Attached to the four pieces M10 M10 M10 M10 are four wires O10 O10 O10 O10, one wire to each piece, extending downward and attached to the harness-journals, one of which is shown at l-I8 H8, Fig. 2, one wire to each harnessjournal. On the opposite side of the Jacquard machine the four hooks K102 K10 K10l K10 K10 K10 K10 K10, the four joints L10 L10 L10, the four pieces M10 M10 M10 M10, and the four wires O10 O10 O10 O10 are reproduced in exactly like mechanism.

In Fig. 4, F10 represents the back board holding the back ends of the wire needles, a few of which are shown projecting from it at P10. K10l K102 are the upper ends of the two hooks,'which are marked K10l K10 K102 K10 vin Fig. 3. Q10 is part of a needle or slide, which operates on the four hooks K102 K10 K10l K10 K10 K10 K10 K10, Fig. 3, and is inserted into and runs through the back-board F10 at R10. The needle Q10 is worked forward by the spiral spring S10 on its back end and backward by the cylinder or prism D10 at its front end. On the opposite side of the Jacquard machine the needle 0r slide Q10 and the spiral spring S10 are reproduced in exactly like mechanism.

In Fig. 3, T10 T10 are two slots in the upper side of the cylinder or prism D10 D10. Directly opposite the slots T10 T10 are two other slots exactly like them. Projecting at W0 from the slide W0 is a pin U10, which passes between two curved pieces V10 V10, that are joined together atthe top and terminate at the bottom in a hub V10, which is'screwed fast to the sliding rod C10, which carries the cylinder or prism D10. On the opposite side of the Jacquard machine the pin U10, the two curved pieces V10 V10, and the hub VV10are reproduced in exactly like mechanism. The four slides W9 W0 NV0 carry the two draft-boards X101 X102, one slide being` fastened to each end of each draft-board.

From the foregoing description it will be seen in Fig. 3 that whenever either of the two sides of the cylinder or prism D10 which contain the four slots T10 T10 is turned toward the needle-board H10 the springs S10, Fig. 4, will crowd the endso'f the two slides or needles Q10 forward, each into one of the two slots T10 T10 which are nearest to the needleboard H10. At the same time the hook endsof theeight hooks K102 K10 K10l K10 K10 K10 K10 K10 will be moved forward toward the cylinder or prism D10 by the movement of the slides or needles Q10. As the draft-board X101 is raised the two slides C10 C10, carrying the cylinder or prism D10, will, by the action of the two pins U10 between the four curved pieces V10 V10, move the cylinder or prism D10 outward. As the cylinder or prism D10 moves outward, two of the four cylinder-hooks 110 I10 I10 110 come in contact with the cylinder or prism D10 during its passage outward and cause it to turn one square, and thus bring next to the needle board H10 and into action another of the pattern -cards. After the cylinder or prism D10 has been turned in this way the two needles or slides Q10, Fig. 4, will, by means of the two springs S10, Fig. 4, pass forward through the needle-board 1110 and out of it on its outward side and remain forward, and as the cylinder or prism D10 returns at the same time that the draftboard X101 comes down the ends of the two needles or slides Q10 will pass into the two slots T10 T10, which are next to the needleboard H10, one needle into each slot. As the cylinder or prism D10 returns at the same time that the draft-board X101 comes down, the draft-board X101 will come onto the inclined parts of the two hooks, one on each side of the Jacquard machine, of which X101, Figs. 3 and 4, represents one, and in its progress downward will crowd back the two needles or slides Q10, and cause the springs S10 to yield until the top parts of the two lastnamed hooks pass up through and come onto the top of the draft-board X101. As the draftboard X101 is raised again, the same effects will be produced of carrying outward and turning the cylinder orprism D10, and as the draft-board X101 comes down, and the cylinder or prism D10 is returned at the same time, the side of the cylinder or prism D10 that has no slots in it, being returned against the needle-board H10, the needles or slides Q10 will be carried backward against the springs S10, Fig. 4, one against each spring, and held there by the cylinder or prisln D10. rlhe draft-board X101 coming onto the inclined parts of the two hooks, one on each side of the Jacquard machine, of which X102, Figs. 3 and 4, represents one, would be prevented from coming down (because the two slides or needles Q10 willbe held firmly backward by the cylinderor prism D10 coming against the forward ends) were it not for two slides, both alike and in like position, one on each side of the loom, one of which is shown in Fig. 4, (marked Y10,) and two spiral springs, both alike and in a like position, one on each side of the loom, one of which is shown in Fig. 4, (marked Z10,) there being one slide and one spiral spring to each of the needles Q10. In Fig. 4 the upper ends of the four hooks X101 X102 pass through the edges of the two slides Y10, two hooks through each slide, and by that means operate the two slides Y10, thus enabling the two hooks X102 as the draft-board X101, Fig. 3, comes down onto the inclined parts of the two hooks X102 to pass backward without disturbing the needles or slides Q10. The two hooks X102 as they pass backward will carry with them the two slides Y10, whereby the draftboard X101, Fig. 3, will pass entirely down, after which lthe springs Z10 will throw the hook parts of the two hooks X102 over the top of the draft-board X101, Fig. 3, so that in its next upward movement the draft-board X101 will carry up with it the two hooks X102.

The support which I give to my Jacquard machine by means of the two triangularslides P0 P0 P0 I?S P0 P0, thus distributing the points of bearing, is rendered necessary by the fact that the Jacquard machine moves.` I have represented the whole ot' the Jacquard machine, including its frame-work, as moving;

lil 11.

but the essence of my invention consists in this, that in connection with the movement of the draft-boards I move the knot-boards (or their equivalent, being a part of the Jacquard machine) to which the harness is attached. My moving Jacquard machine may be used in connection with anyof the known modes of tying up the harness of a loom.

lVherever in this specification I have used the term wheel simply without qualifying it in any way, I intend a toothed wheel. The several drawings herein referred to, and numbered from 1 to 12, both inclusive, are all of them, with the exception of Figs.,10 and 1l, drawn to a scale of four inches to a foot. Figs. 10 and 11 are drawn full size.

Having thus described all the parts of the loom in which my improvements are introduced which it is necessary to describe in order to show these improvements, and having also fully described my improvements, what I claim to have invented, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is as follows:

1. The arrangement of the machinery for throwing the shuttles, as herein described, in connection wit-h the arrangement of the machinery for raising and lowering the shuttleboxes, the devices thus arranged occupying the under part of the loom-frame and being more simple, compact, and convenient than other arrangements heretofore in use for the same purpose.

2. The winding of the cloth round the beam with uniform tension by increasing the leverage of the tension-weight M3 in proportion as the diameter of the roll of cloth is increased, substantially as herein described.

3. In combination-with a positive let-ott, the use of a conditional let-off constructed substantially as herein described, whereby when there is an excess of strain on the warpthreads an increased quantity of yarn is delivered from the yarn-beam,such conditional increased delivery of the yarn ceasing whenever the proper strain on the warp-thread is restored.

4. The preventing the opening and closing of the shed from producing an increased or diminished strain upon the warp-threads by means of the regularand positive advance of the let-off rolls toward the harness through an invariably equal distance at every opening of the shed and by their return through the same distance at every closing ot' the shed, substantially as described.

5. The causing the loom to throw itself out of gear whenevera shuttle fails to go into its proper box at the proper time and whenever the connection formed by any weft-thread between its shuttle and the cloth is not maintained during the whole time of the passage of that shuttle through the warp-threads by the operation of hooks combined with each other and attached to the bed of tlfe lay, substantially as described, the hooks being in the latter case combined with wires or prongs for the reception of the weft-thread, substantially as described, and operated by the passage of the shuttle into the shuttle-box, substantially as described.

G. Forming and breaking,r in any required orderthe connection between thedratt-boards, respectively, and the machinery that works them by means substantially such as are herein described, this method of Working` the draft-boards admitting of a more sim ple, compact, and convenient arrangement ot the machinery than others before used to attain the same end.

7. The combination ot a rising' and falling Jacquard frame with the draft-boards, substantially as herein set forth, whereby the depression of the frame will be simultaneous with the elevation of a part of the draftboards and the elevation of the frame With the depression of a part, the one in this manner aiding in working` and equipoising,` the other.

8. Elevating and depressing` the harness and draft-boards by the simultaneous elevation or depression of all the knot-boards for the purpose of opening the sheds inlooms for weaving figured fabrics when these knotboards are arranged above the draft-boards, as herein described.

9. In connection with thc movement of the part of the jacquard to which theharness is attached, substantially as described, theY arrangement of the harness and of the moving parts ot" the jacquard and of their connections with the lower part of the loom, substantially as described, in such manner that at the time when the loom is to be thrown out of gear the weight of the harness and of those parts and connections shall oppose the greatest possible resistance to the momentum of the looms.

l0. The use, as a part of the Jacquard machine, of the combination of machinery hereinbefore described, and shown in Fig. 4 of the accompanying drawings, such combination consisting` ofthe two slides Y10, the two springs Zw, and the two needles Q10, constructed substantially as described and operating so as to permit the 'draft-board to come down without crowding out the cylinder or prism, substantially as described.

AVERY BABBETT.

lVitnesses:

SAML. BLATCHFORD, CLARENCE A. SEWARD. 

